In the long history of the development of China's construction industry, construction industrialization is the inevitable road of the industry development. With the transformation and upgrading of China's economic and social development, especially the acceleration of urbanization strategy, the status of construction industry in improving people's living environment and quality of life has become increasingly prominent. At the same time, the traditional "extensive" construction mode is increasingly unable to apply to the current construction industry. Many phenomena show that the traditional construction industry needs to transform and take the road of construction industrialization.

Reason one

As we all know, the traditional construction industry in China is a labor-intensive industry, absorbing a large number of rural labor. A large number of rural labor force participate in urban construction, the number of migrant workers in the construction industry accounts for more than 95%, and the construction industry has become the second largest industry after the manufacturing industry to absorb migrant workers. However, in recent years, the contradiction between supply and demand of rural labor force in China has become increasingly obvious. Since the problem of "shortage of migrant workers" came into being in 2004, the impact has gradually expanded and spread to the whole country, and it has become increasingly serious.

In recent years, due to the decline of China's population growth rate and the increasingly serious phenomenon of aging population, the growth rate of China's working age population has obviously slowed down, the absolute number is also beginning to decline, and the number of surplus labor force that can be transferred from rural areas has decreased year by year. Affected by the overall situation of labor shortage in China, the construction industry also inevitably encountered difficulties in recruitment, especially the "structural shortage" characterized by the lack of skilled workers and labor workers. In recent years, the new generation of migrant workers has become the main body of migrant workers, and their employment concept is very different from the previous generation of migrant workers.

When the new generation of migrant workers choose their jobs, their social status and political rights are more and more penetrated into the consciousness of most migrant workers. Therefore, for the new generation of migrant workers, the employment attraction of the construction industry is declining. The emerging urban industries such as logistics, intermediary, catering, culture and entertainment have attracted the migrant workers who might have been engaged in the construction industry, resulting in a low proportion of the new generation of migrant workers engaged in the construction industry. According to the 2013 migrant workers monitoring survey report data, the proportion of the previous generation of migrant workers engaged in the construction industry was 29.5%, while that of the new generation of migrant workers was only 14.5%, a difference of 15%. The shortage of labor force will inevitably increase the construction cost of construction enterprises. According to the data released by the National Bureau of statistics, it can be found that the labor cost of China's construction industry has risen significantly higher than that of building materials in recent years (Figure 1).

According to the experience at home and abroad, recruiting workers with high wages and favorable treatment will lead to the increase of product cost, even the economic crisis of inflation type, and the shortage of labor force in construction industry will lead to the rise of construction cost

Reason two

Environmental pressure, national environmental protection requirements more and more strict, after more than 30 years of rapid economic growth, China's environmental protection pressure is unprecedented, air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution and other issues are becoming increasingly serious. After experiencing the difficult choice between economy and environment, government departments and regulatory departments began to put environmental governance and protection on the agenda, and various environmental protection policies and regulations are becoming increasingly strict.

Reason 3

Energy pressure, urgent need of resource saving

With the rapid development of the past 30 years, a large number of sand, steel, cement, decoration materials are used, resulting in an increasing shortage of resources.

Due to the high energy consumption of water, electricity and coal, the water resources are in serious shortage and the consumption of coal and oil is too large.

At present, the state has realized and hopes to solve the above problems through construction industrialization.

In the process of building industrialization, we should use water-saving sanitary ware and water-saving technology to save water resources; we should choose a residential building system that conforms to the regional geographical and climatic characteristics,

Develop and popularize new block, light board and high-efficiency thermal insulation material, reduce energy consumption, restrict the use of clay brick as wall material and log to produce doors and windows in urban residential construction, so as to save cultivated land and forest resources.

Reason 4

The quality problems of traditional building methods are serious

The quality of construction products is related to the public interest and public safety of the society. Now,

The engineering quality of China's construction is not very optimistic, and the quality responsibility consciousness of all parties involved is not very strong, and the construction process has not been fully implemented

All aspects of the implementation of quality and safety responsibility, the quality control of the construction process is not very effective. Therefore, the common quality problems of Construction Engineering in China are serious.

The common quality problems include: the concrete construction in the early stage of residential construction is not up to standard

After the completion of residential buildings, there are various leakage situations (including roof leakage, ground leakage, wall leakage, etc.)

The wall has cracks, wall displacement and even slight collapse. Some of these common quality problems shorten the service life of buildings, and some directly affect the use function of buildings,

With the continuous improvement of people's life quality and higher and higher requirements for the quality of residential projects, the common quality defects of residential projects have become the hot spot of people's quality casting.

The main reason for this common quality problem in traditional construction industry is that design and construction are separated,

The emergence of construction industrialization just becomes the savior to solve this problem. Construction industrialization has realized the integration of construction engineering,

The planning and design, production and construction as well as the use of construction products should be considered in a unified way, and the whole construction project should be treated as a product,

It can effectively improve the disconnection between the design and construction of the traditional construction mode.

Reason 5

Limitations of traditional construction mode

Since the reform and opening up, China's construction industry has made rapid development. By the end of 2017, the total output value of the national construction industry was 21.4 trillion yuan,

The total profit of construction enterprises reached 766.1 billion yuan, an increase of 9.7%.

In contrast to the high prosperity of the construction industry, the labor productivity of China's construction industry is still very low.

Although the labor productivity of China's construction industry has been significantly improved in recent years, there is still a big gap compared with foreign developed countries.

On the one hand, in terms of labor productivity calculated by added value of construction industry, the annual labor productivity of American construction industry increased from 68000 US dollars / person in 1997 to 78000 US dollars / person in 2002,

According to the exchange rate of the same period, they are 564300 yuan per person per year and 645600 yuan per person per year respectively,

The labor productivity of China's construction industry in 1997 and 2002 is divided into 14000 yuan / person and 18000 yuan / person according to the added value. Even if the influence of exchange rate is considered, the gap is very obvious.

On the other hand, in terms of per capita completed area, construction workers in developed countries could reach 183m2 / person in a year in 2008,

In China, it is only 48m2 per person, about 1 / 4 of that in the United States and Japan. The main reason for this phenomenon is that China's construction industry uses too much manual work,

In developed countries, mechanical equipment and prefabricated components are widely used. It can be seen that the labor productivity of the traditional construction production mode is not high,

It is difficult to meet the needs of the rapid development of the construction industry. A new and advanced construction production mode is needed to change this situation, and the construction industrialization is this new production mode.

Different from the field operation of traditional construction, the industrialized construction adopts the factory production of prefabricated components and fittings

The construction mode of on-site construction mechanization and scientific organization and management,

It can effectively provide engineering construction efficiency and labor productivity of construction workers, and promote the modernization of engineering construction.

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